Chemistry II

I need help!

I am working with solving a problem(preparation ofr a test in two weeks). KBr is an ion, while HCl is a polar covalent binding. What I don't understand is how this can be so, because Cl has 7 electrons in its utter scale and H has 1 electron in its utter scale. It is the same with K and Br. Br has 7 electrons in its utter scale and K has 1. But the bondings have different names; HCl is polar covalent while KBr is an ion. How come? Does it have to do with their number of scales? Both K and Br have four scales, but H has one scale and Cl has 4 scales.

In addition to this, I need a proper explanation on what a polar covalent binding is and whether such a binding can be an ion or not.

Thanks

I don't quite remember the signs, but isn't KBr a single molecule (still trying to figure out what Br is)? HCl is a cristallic structure of ions.

This should be moved to the homework forum.

A Polar Covalent bond is between 2 atoms that have different different electronegativity. A nonpolar Covalnet bond is between 2 atoms with the same electronegativity. Polar has uneven distribution of charge, nonpolar has an even distributioon of charges. So covelant bonds are held together by charges atracting.

Ionic bonds are held together by Electron bonding. Every elements 'wants' to be a Noble Gas. It strives to fill it's octet and have an electron configuration of the valance(outer) electron shell, that is exactly like the closest Noble gas. So, to get a full Octet(the outer shell), it bonds with 1 or more atoms that have the proper number of electrons on their outer shell to fill eachothers. They then share the outermost shell of electrons.

Examples:
Ionic bonding-
Cl(Chlorine) has the electron configuration of: 1S2 2S2 2P6 3S2 3P5. The closest Nobel gas, Argon, has the configuration of:1S2 2S2 2P6 3S2 3P6. To fill up the one electron that is missing in the 3P level, Cl needs and atom with 1 electron, H. Hydrogen has the congfiguration of: 1S1. Once boned together HCl has the exact same configuation as Argon: 1S2 2S2 2P6 3S2 3P6. That is Ionic bonding.

Covalent bonding:
And Hcl can also be a covalent bond, it is both at the same time. The difference of electronegativity of ydrogen and Chlorine is 3.0(H)- 2.1(Cl)= 0.9 That makes it a polar covalent bond becasue the charges wind up having a difference.

If you need anymore help or if that is a jumble of useless text, i'll be here, or IM me.

Originally posted by CIVILIZATION
This should be moved to the homework forum.

And that contributes what to the thread? I'm sure mods know when something should be moved,and they don't need spam to tell them.

I don't remember that much from Chem. Sorry...ZF got it taken care of though.